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The Canadian Predicament

Kenneth McDonald's short book reconstructs the process whereby Canadian Prime Ministers Lester Pearson (1963-1968) and Pierre Elliott Trudeau (1968-1984, except for a few months in 1979-1980), were able to transform the Canadian federation into a centralized, bureaucratic state. Prior to this transformation, Canada had functioned as a federal state, i.e., there were a few but important number of areas (notably defence) under the jurisdiction of the federal government, while "the division of powers delivered ... control over local affairs to the localities themselves." This federalism "enabled Quebec to practice within the province its civil code tradition of centralized authority...